Summary 2008 Financial Crisis - 747 Words

The financial crisis began in early 2006 when the subprime mortgage market in the U.S. began to display an increasing rate of mortgage defaults. These defaults lead, in late 2006, to a decline in US housing prices after nearly a decade of exceptionally high growth. Many Americans watched as their primary source of wealth become increasingly devalued. By late 2007, the prime mortgage markets were showing higher than normal default rates as well. Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs), a type of collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), allowed these problems to spread from the mortgage market to other sectors of the economy, having especially widespread effects on financial markets as a whole. CMOs were mortgage-backed securities†¦show more content†¦These liquidity problems turned to insolvency in September of 2008, when private lending froze completely in a number of important credit markets, such as commercial paper. As a result, non-financial businesses were unable to get access to the financing they required to function normally, leading to problems in the real economy. The real economy began to exhibit problems related to the financial crisis as early as March 2006, when investment expenditure on residential structures began to decline. In early 2008, this decline spread to investment in business equipment and consumer spending on durable goods. It wasn’t until the summer of 2008 that consumer spending broadly and GDP began falling, signs of a recession. (In December 2008, the National Bureau of Economic Research, official arbiter of business cycles dated the formal beginning of the recession as December 2007.) While the public had been concerned about recession for much of the year, it wasn’t until the fall that the economy began to decline at more than a 6% annual rate. Congress responded by passing the TARP plan to assist failing financial institutions. This plan was meant to decrease the severity of the recession by treating its cause: the financial crisis. The financial crisis and recession in the U.S.Show MoreRelatedFinancial Crisis Of A Single Country1671 Words   |  7 Pages Table of Contents Summary 2 Financial crisis 3 Impact of financial crisis 4 Effect of financial crisis on different on the economies of different countries 5 Mathematical problems 6 Conclusiom 8 References ..................................................................................................................................................9 Summary Financial crisis has long been a part of global economic recession throughout the history. Here, the purpose of this assignmentRead MoreData Analysis : A Critical Analysis Of The 2008 Financial Crisis1054 Words   |  5 Pagespercent conclusion cannot be drawn as fully statistically significant evidence was not ascertained. In addition, although all crisis has similar characteristics, they are actually different in nature. Thus, generalisation may not be possible based on this research in terms of either past or future financial crisis. Especially as this study only considered the 2008 financial crisis in its data analyses. Hence, this study has some limitations in spite of the contribution it makes. The first limitation isRead MoreThe Mortgage Crisi- Cause and Effect1167 Words   |  5 PagesThe 21st Century Mortgage Crisis ENGL106 January 22, 2011 Abstract The 21st century mortgage crisis is certainly a key factor to the current financial catastrophe. There are multiple events that contributed to the downward spiral of the mortgage business. The crisis can be directly linked to the overzealous dreams of home ownership to the manipulation and failure of capitalism. What started out as mortgage bankers’ relaxed and deregulated approach to funding unqualified lenders has turnedRead MoreFinancial Crisis : The Recession Of 2008-2009881 Words   |  4 PagesThe most popularly known subprime mortgage crisis came into lime light when a steep rise in home foreclosures in 2006 spiraled seemingly out of control in 2007, triggering a national financial crisis that went global within the year. The maximum blame is pointed at the lenders who created such problems. It was the lenders who ultimately lent funds to people with poor credit and a high risk of default. When Fed flooded the markets with increasing capital liquidity, its intention wa s not only to lowerRead MoreTesting A Series Of 2 Simples T Tests1115 Words   |  5 Pagesthe simple on these two period average groups. Any significant mean differences on indicators implied the existence of impacts by the 2008 crisis on North America life insurers’ performances, then we checked the direction, positive or negative, of each significant mean difference on indicators to determine if the crisis improved or deteriorated the industry’s financial performances in specific parameters. In Test B our research adopted Najjar Petrov (2011) and Ahmed, Ahmed, and Ahmed (2010) simpleRead MoreThe Aftermath Effects Of 2008946 Words   |  4 PagesThe most commonly known sub-prime finance crisis came into illumination when a sudden rise in home foreclosures in 2006 twirled seemingly out of control in 2007, triggering a nationwide economic crisis that went worldwide within the year. The greatest responsibility is pointed at the lenders who created such problems. It was the lenders who, at the end of the day, lend finances to citizens with poor credit and a high risk of failure to pay. When the Feds inundated the markets with growing capitalRead MoreThe Big Short, Directed By Adam Mckay937 Words   |  4 PagesSummary The film the Big Short, directed by Adam McKay is about the financial/housing crisis of 2008. The film explains how the history of the housing market, how the crisis began, and introduced all of the people and companies involved. The most important aspect of the movie was that the crisis was foreseen, but nothing was done to prevent it. The three main characters are Michael Burry, Jared Vennett, and Mark Baum. Burry was the first to recognize the faulty practices of the housing market, andRead More2008 Us Economic Recession1709 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTIONS The  Global Financial Crisis  of 2008 is considered by many economists to be the worst  financial crisis  since the  Great Depression  of the 1930s. It resulted in the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the  bailout  of small and big banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. In United States, the housing market also suffered, resulting in  evictions,  foreclosures  and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role inRead MoreTaking a Look at the Great Recession782 Words   |  3 PagesMany economists have come to consider the 2008 financial crisis as the worst recession since the 1930’s Great Depression. The recession led to the total collapse of financial institutions, the withdrawal of banks by the national governments and the total collapse of stock markets across the world. The housing market also suffered in many areas, which resulted in prolonged unemployment, evictions an d foreclosures. The crisis played a key role in the failure of significant businesses, the declineRead MoreEssay on Global Inflation and Unemployment1279 Words   |  6 PagesArticle summary This article by Andrew McCathie posted in EarthTimes and titled â€Å"European inflation climbs unemployment at 12-year high was posted on Friday July 30 2010. The article reports that food and energy costs have played a critical role in driving up inflation in the 16-member eurozone. The rates of unemployment remained stagnant to its highest level during this time. Introduction The recent global financial crisis that affected not only America but also Europe and other parts of

Criminal Psychology A Glimpse Into The Mind Of A Criminal

Criminal Psychology: A Glimpse into the Mind of a Criminal Are you interested in solving crimes, wanting to be part of the community, and help bring justice to families? Are TV shows like CSI and Criminal Minds intriguing to you? There’s a job that could suit your interests without all the blood and gore. Criminal/forensic psychology is a career for people interested in solving crimes and working to help people in the community. A forensic psychologist has many tasks that they might be involved with on any given day. One factor that is appealing to many in this career is the nature of the work is never routine. First, those who are committed to assist those in solving crimes by providing evidence must be familiar with the minds of those who would commit crimes. According to _____, â€Å"A forensic psychologist assesses the mindset of an individual who has committed a crime. They often work independently and are called upon to testify in court to provide evidence. In addition to providing expert witness testimony, they may consult with court officials, prepare written psychological reports, interview criminal defendants and make determinations as to whether a criminal can stand trial. A criminal psychologist must also be familiar with laws concerning mental health and criminal behavior. Maintaining this knowledge might involve keeping current on any upcoming changes to existing legislation† (Criminal P sychologist 1). Through this explanation of the duties of the forensicShow MoreRelatedIs Psychology A Science?2038 Words   |  9 Pagesparts of our lives? â€Å"Like all science, psychology is knowledge: and like science, it is knowledge of a definite thing, the mind† in this quote by James Mark Baldwin, it states that psychology is a science, a science that is being used in many different ways. Unlike usual science, that teach us about cells, rocks, and animals, this science gives us a glimpse of something that everyone has and something that everyone has questions about†¦ the mind! Psychology helps us in many different ways, and oneRead MoreExamination Of Existing Literature : A Research Conducted By Bjornsdotir, Almarsdottir And Traulsen Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesExamination of Existing Literature Particularly noteworthy is the research conducted by Bjornsdotir, Almarsdottir and Traulsen (2009). In their paper they explicitly state that professionals, researchers and academics across the globe need to always bear in mind that the definitions and understandings they hold to be true, surrounding substances (which fall under the blanket of SUDs) may differ to varying degrees from those held by lay individuals throughout society (Bjornsdottir et al, 2009). Indeed, theyRead MoreThe Film Mind Of A Rampage Killer1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe film Mind of a Rampage Killer, which first aired in the aftermath of the Newtown massacre, highlights questions at the forefront of all of our minds: what compels a human-being to commit the most inhuman of crimes? As a society, we see the gruesome images of violence every day, but do we understand how children can grow up to become ruthless killers? Furthermore, how can we prevent another event, such as the Newtown massacre, from occurring aga in? In this documentary, produced and directed byRead More Inequality for all2700 Words   |  11 Pagesblack people today experience discrimination on every level. Structured discrimination has been to blame for the many disparities that black people face in America. The most obvious are the disproportionate amount of minorities in the United States Criminal Justice System. Blacks make up approximately 13% of the U.S. population, and whites 67% of the U.S. population (Census, 2009); however, of the 2.2 million incarcerated, 900,000 are Black (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011). Brief History ofRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature And Nurture1794 Words   |  8 Pageswhether they be pleasant or horrific, truly affects the outcome of how and who we are as we grow into adults. According to Psychology in Everyday Life, Nature and Nurture begs the question: â€Å"How does our genetic inheritance interact with our experiences to influence our development?† (64) Does the idea of having good or bad genes, effect the way people turn out? In the text Psychology, scholars ask, â€Å"is a person like Hitler born that way, or did something happen to make him the person he was?† (251) AfterRead MoreThe Murderers Motivation Depicted in Poes The Tell-Tale Heart1820 Words   |  8 Pages the beating of the tell-tale heart does not recall the sound of watches or ticking clocks, but of the demons within the narrator who are making his sin known. â€Å"The resurgence of the beating heart shows that the horrors within himself, which the criminal attempted to identify with the old man and thus destroy, still live. In the death of the old man he sought to kill a part of himself, but his demons could not be exorcised through murder, for he himself is their destined victim† (Robinson 259)Read More Capital Punishment Essay3098 Words   |  13 Pagescrime. (Randa) Public opinion is an important part of how our democratic nation makes important decisions. It might therefore be wise to have an in depth understanding of what the American public thinks of capital punishment. As noted from a glimpse at the history of the death penalty, people rely heavily on their moral claims and opinions when dealing with this issue. This may be due to the uncertainty of ‘factual’ evidence that frequently changes with time. (Nice) However, moral claimsRead MoreWhat Is A False Memory?2142 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor indicates the various factors that influence false memory like misinformation, misattribution, existing knowledge, and suggestions from therapists or investigators. Finally, the author concludes that false memory is problematic especially in criminal trials and eyewitness testimony, where false memories are one of the leading causes of false convictions due to false identification of a suspect, or false recollections during interrog ations. Verywell is the website from which this webpage wasRead MoreThe Death Of Serial Killers2149 Words   |  9 Pageskill. Throughout the research that I will be showing you, you will find what these killers have in common, and some differences between them. When people think about serial killers, if they are from Utah, then the one that pops up the most in their minds is Ted Bundy. Some other well-known serial killers are Ricardo Levya Munoz Ramirez, also named the Night Stalker. There is Jeffrey Dahmer who comes up a lot, being one of the serial killers that is quite well known. John Wayne Gacy, is another. SomeRead MoreMemory Errors : Real Life Consequences1906 Words   |  8 Pages Memory Errors: Real Life Consequences Denise Harper PSY352: Cognitive Psychology (CON1635A) Instructor: Dr. Frances Sirois Sept. 20, 2016 Memory Errors: Real Life Consequences Memory facilitates necessary functions in daily life activities, but it is not a perfect mechanism in operation. Goldstein (2011) states that memory is, â€Å"†¦the process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas, and skills after the original information is

Stalins Great Purges Essay Example For Students

Stalins Great Purges Essay Stalins Great PurgesStalins PurgesSoviet TerrorStalins great purges had a distressing significance during the 1930s. The purges, in effect, started on December 1, 1934 with the murder of Sergei Kirov, a Leningrad party leader. This act, in fact, helped shut ?Russias window to the West. These great purges brought on ugly results and severely menaced the Soviet Unions power and future. The purges were designed to expunge any threats of political resistance. ?An important aspect of all Soviet Purges has been elimination of those minor figures whose fate was sealed by the defeat of their prosecutors. ?Long before the assasination of Kirov in December 1934 Stalin managed by various political maneuvers and violent means to free himself from the control of the party masses. Stalin was born on December 21, 1879, in the village of Gori, Georgia. He was born to Vissarion and Yekaterina Dzhugashvili. His father Vissarion, was an unsuccessful cobbler who drank heavily and beat him. When Stalin w as seven, he caught smallpox, which marked him for life, and then he caught septicemia, which left his left arm slightly crippled. Stalin was one of four chilren to survive infancy. He lived a ?normal life in the 1920s, surrounded by many relatives who freely expressed their thoughts and had good personal friends among the leaders in Russia. However, in 1932, his life took a change for the worse, arguably, after the suicide of his second wife, Nadezhda Allililuyeva who left a letter incriminating him personally and politically. Stalins rise to power was a combination of his ability to manipulate situations and the failure of others to prevent him from taking power, especially Leon Trotsky. Trotsky did not take advantage of several opportunities in which would have helped him to eliminate Stalin politically. When he failed to take advantage of these opportunities, Stalin schemed himself into a stronger position within the party by allying with Zinoviev and Kamnev. He manipulated them into shattering Trotsky, thus eliminating the strongest opponent in his path to power. Stalin deftly avoided potential political ruin when Lenin formulated his Testament in December 1922. This Testament illustrated what his thoughts of the future of the Party leaders and the party itself; Especially Trotsky and Stalin. Lenin foreshadowed a division in which Stalin and Trotsky would be the main details. When describing Stalin, Lenin felt that he had an unlimited authority in his hands and whether he will always be capable of usin g that authority with sufficient caution. The makeup of Lenins Testament became more damaging to Trotsky than to Stalin. Stalin manipulated the content of the Testament to enhance his position. By mentioning Stalin as one of the prominent members of the Party, Lenin raised Stalins greatness to that of Trotsky. The equivalent stature of apparatusThe purges were set off on December 1, 1934 with the murder of Sergei Kirov. He was a member of the Politburo, leader of the Leningrad party and had substantial influence in the ruling elite. His concern for the workers in Leningrad earned him popularity. Stalin used his murder as a pretext for launching a broad purge that would claim hundreds of thousands of victims. No part of society was left out of danger by the purges. Anyone who caused the remotest suspicion was expunged and numerous legislatures were enacted to help enforce them. For example, a law that was passed in 1935 lowered the age for responsible criminal behavior. That meant the death penalty could be utilized on children as young as twelve. By 1933 Stalin and supporters were not satisfied with Russias progress and the purge trials. ?They indicted a whole group of industrailists who were alleged to have hindered technological advance. The terror is commonly thought to be the mode by which Stalin cinched his own personal power. Stalin did improve Russias industrial system, however, obviously had a negative effect on Russian society. Stalin used the Five Year Plans to make great strides in industrializing Russia. When he tried to equal that success with agricultural growth he met some resistance and ended up liquidating a class and causing famine. Socially, he gave some important soci al benefits to workers and gave women equal rights. But, he also tried to purge the country and eliminated a lot of the Party, most of the army, and a good part of the workers and peasants. Stalin made several industrial developments for his country but that does not even begin to negate the death and destruction that he caused. One achievement that Stalin made for the Soviet Union was the Five Year Plan. Russia was lagging behind the rest of the world in that they had not had a formal Industrial Revolution. Stalin estimated that Russia was 50-100 years behind more advanced countries. The First Five Year Plan was embraced in 1929. The purpose of this plan was to increase the countrys industrial production. The plan was a major success. It was reported that the industrial product increased 250 percent, steel production increased 300 percent, production of machinery and electrical equipment 157 percent, heavy metal increased 67 percent, coal output increased 89 percent, and consumer g oods increased about 73 percent After the success of the First Five Year Plan, the Seventeenth Party Congress embraced the Second Five Year Plan in 1934. Goals of the second plan were an expansion of machine tool production, overcome the absent steel and iron, the development and production of non-ferrous metals, and the improvement and railroad lines. Consider the treatment in any one text of spiritua Essay?The beginning of the great purge in 1936 was also marked by nationwide discussions of the Stalin Constitution-hailed as a landmark in Soviet Democracy. ?Soviet totalitarianism could now look back at the accomplishments of the first great purge. Stalins purges had a bittersweet effect on Russia. Stalins purges were good for some aspects of Russia, or were they not?Many that suffered from the purges were sent to labor camps or were simply executed by the secret police. Units of this secret police were ordered to arrest a certain percentage of the people in their districts. Graves were discovered in 1934 holding over 9,000 bodies of people killed around 1938 in the Ukraine. Since then mass burial sights have been discovered outside major cities. They were shot by NKVD, or the secret police. The people were shot from close range in the back and then pushed into a pit with many others. When one group was completely executed they were covered with sand. Some victims were not even dead when they were pushed into these pits. The purges during the 1930s initiated by Joseph Stalin brought enormous consequences in all sectors of the society and greatly endangered Soviet Unions sovereignty. The best estimate is that between ?ten and eleven million people perished under Soviet regime between 1926 and 1939, most of them from the Ukranian famine. Stalins purges created many wicked consequences, some that are still prevalent today. European History Essays

The Influence of Rudyard Kipling free essay sample

If only the world worked as it is supposed to work. There would be no poverty or homelessness, but there is. However, one can still hold themselves to the ideals of how people should act. â€Å"If† by Rudyard Kipling describes the way I want to live out my life. Rudyard Kipling, a man born in British-controlled Bombay, India, identified himself as an Anglo-Indian. Yet, despite his self-identification, he lived the majority of his life outside of his birth country, though many of his works reflect his Indian origins. Kipling lived in many countries and territories, including the United States, South Africa, England, and India. Until the rise of Nazis in Germany, he would have the covers of his books stamped with the swastika, in the traditional Indian meaning of good luck. Although he did not live to see the fall of Nazi Germany, he did foresee the danger it would pose to Britain. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Rudyard Kipling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eventually, he gained worldwide recognition for his novels and poetry, gaining the Nobel Prize for Literature. Kipling is most well-known for the Jungle Book, a novel about an Indian boy, Mowgli, surviving in the jungle with the aid of a wolf pack. However, â€Å"If† captures the essence of what being an adult should be and what I hope to someday attain. The first time I heard of Kipling was when I was on a trip with my father, and he started reciting several of Kipling’s poems. Most notable were â€Å"Cold Iron†, The Ballad of East and West, and â€Å"If†. These poems will stick with me for the rest of my life. However, â€Å"If† has influenced me more than any other poem because it speaks of a way to live life to its fullest, to seize opportunities even though you might lose everything, and to keep what makes me who I am close no matter where I go in life or what station I may hold. The other reason Rudyard Kipling had such an impact in my life comes from my father. My father used to read me the Jungle Book and Kipling’s poem when I was a child. Whether we were in the car or at home, he would have a poem ready or would pick a collection of Kipling’s works and read them to me regardless of how busy he was. From Kipling’s influence, I gained an understanding of life, but more importantly I gained memories of my father that I will always cherish.

How To Take Control Of Responsibilities Essays -

How to take control of responsibilities Jackie Chin Religion I Presented to Mr. Wright As we develop ourselves to get better of our past, we need to set some rules or restraints in order to keep ourselves from the evil deeds. humility is the most important thing that we need to definitely try to achieve as we live in the complicated society. humility is something that corrects our wrong attitude or behavior toward other people or things. However as you can read in the newspaper, many people are destroying their humility to get better of something. The morality is an only thing that ousted is existed in our society in order to correct people's misdeed. Spirituality is based on morality. Spirituality is something we need to get as we are keeping the virtues of the society. If we believe in god there are a lot of things we have to keep away form and when we first face it. We can be disappointed or unsatisfied by the rules God made for us. The beauty of purity and righteousness Jackie chin Religion I Presented to Mr. Wright Because it is really hard if we value pleasure more than the greatest please that we can get from God. Loving and resting in God in so incredible. He don'ts seem to be for unbelievers. But god actually gives us everything we need. And it is such a joy. And feel like we live this dangerous society under God's unconquerable protection/ Charter is one that we have to correctly establish in order to live virtuous life. We can make our characters by ourselves. It is not something that you are born with. Someone says character is something not able to change. However, it is really easy to change if we want to change and try hard. Even if you had bad character, if you try hard and pray hard, your personality is going to be greatly changed. And I a trying too. Morality, spirituality, and character are very important as we live in this corrupted society. If we value ourselves as God's precious children, we may overcome and conquer all the evil temptation and their deed. Only with God.

The U.S. Constitution Essays - James Madison, Free Essays

The U.S. Constitution Essays - James Madison, Free Essays The U.S. Constitution Article Five, clause two of the United States Constitution states, "under the Authority of the United States, [the Constitution] shall be the supreme law of the land." As a result of the fact that the current activist government is pursuing inconsistent policies, many believe the Constitution has become irrelevant because no guiding principles seem to exist. Thomas Jefferson once said, "The Constitution belongs to the living and not to the dead." Accordingly, it is often referred to as a "living" document because of its regular alteration and reexamination; therefore, the Constitution has not become irrelevant in defining the goals of American government. This will be shown by examining how the Constitution ensures and upholds American ideas of rights, defines governmental structures, allows for an increase in governmental growth, and permits the Supreme Court to shape and define public policy through Constitutional interpretation. Through years of research on court cases, political scientists are in agreement that most people favor rights in theory, but their support diminishes when the time to put the rights into practice arrives. For example, a strong percentage of Americans concur with the idea of free speech throughout the United States, but when a court case such as Texas vs. Johnson (1989) arises, most backing shifts away from complete freedom of speech. In the case, a Texan named Gregory Johnson set fire to an American flag during the 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas in order to protest nuclear arms buildup; the decision was awarded to Johnson in the midst of stern opposition (Beth 68). Lockean philosophy concerning the natural rights of man also serves amajor role in an American's idea of rights. Many citizens feels that it is the task of the state to preserve such birthrights as life, liberty, and property. The juristic theory of rights deals with the hypothesis that a man's natural rights only amounted to the quantity of power he can exercise over any other man. A more general and logical definition of a right is a claim upheld by the law, in which case the Bill of Rights becomes important (Benn 195). Although the Constitution originally did not contain the Bill of Rights, the states threatened to delay ratification until the amendments were made. The main purpose of implementing the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, was to safeguard fundamental individual rights against seizure by the federal government and prohibit interference with existing rights. The Revolutionary War with Britain was still quite clear in the American mind during the writing of the Constitution, so the Bill of Rights had full support of the public because it protected citizens against everything which had angered the colonists about the British (Holder 52). The Constitution is extremely ambiguous concerning individual rights and personal freedoms of man. It does, however, prohibit the passage of ex post facto laws, which punish people for an act they committed before such an act was illegal, disallow bills of attainder, which punish offenders without a trial, and prevent suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, which requires a detained man to be notified of the offense he committed (Gilbert 331). The Constitution also prohibits religious qualifications for seeking and holding a governmental office, and it secures the right of a trial by jury of peers in a criminal case (Gilbert 336). Articles One, Two, and Three of the United States Constitution define the three structures of the national government, and include each branch's composition and function. Article One deals with the Congress, the legislative structure of the federal government. It is the Congress, rather than the President, who is bestowed by the Constitution with the lawmaking duty. The legislative branch contains two Houses, one being the Senate, which is based upon equal representation of the states, and the other being the House of Representatives, which is based upon state population. The Framers envisioned Congress as the most important and most powerful branch of government, although today much of the significant legislation is initiated by the President and the executive department (Holder 20). In order to be a Representative, one must be twenty-five years of age or older, a United States citizen for at least seven years, and reside in the

Voter ID for Polling Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Voter ID for Polling - Research Paper Example Largely, legislation guiding the voting process sets some requirements that a voter must meet. It is quite for a voter to show up at a voting station without these requirements. The legislation provides sanity in the election process thereby promoting transparency and accountability. America states have voting rules or laws, which define the election process. Each state has its laws, which it has enacted to guide the election process. The use of Voter ID in the voting process is a legal requirement by the laws of some states in America. Voters have the mandate of acquiring the Voter ID at the stipulated time before the electioneering period. Voter registration and verification is an important exercise that involves all those people who are willing to cast their votes (Schmidt, et. al. 307). Enacting legislation to guide the election process has met protest of equal magnitude from citizens who feel that the voter requirement would lock many people out of the voting process. It is true that the people locked out of the voting process would not find an opportunity to make a decision on what kind of leadership they would like to rule their society. Voting is a vital process for each citizen because the choice that a citizen makes today would define the life the citizen would lead tomorrow. This reason has led to the criticism of the Voter ID requirement. Restrictive voter identification policies, such as, state issued photo ID cards, threaten to exclude millions of eligible voters who include poor, minorities, elderly, handicap among others. State governors, led by Republican state governors promote the Voter ID policies. States in America have adopted new voter law, which aim at restricting voting procedures in the states. The law stipulates that voters must produce government ID photo, proof of citizens, and other related government documents. Many Americans do not have all or some of these documents, yet they need to vote in order to shape their destiny. Reaction by different wings in the political divide has led to filling of lawsuits, which would lead unraveling of stagnation of the voters’ right. Elderly people, students, women, people who are under the low-income bracket, people with disabilities, and the color may not vote. The law threatens the right of this group because of the strict conditions that it poses to them. The move adopted by many states in America to adopt strict voter laws has led to protest from civil right movements and the democrats. Many street protests indicate that many people feel that the laws are repugnant to the electioneering process sometimes in 2012. Electio n is the pillar of democracy in America and any thing that seems to tamper with the election process draws criticism from all the political wings (Griffith 227). Senior election analyst, Jennie Bowser comments that American people believe that election is the root of American democracy. Some Americans feel that the rights to vote in America are under attack following the new voter regulation policies. It is worth noting that the freedom that American enjoys is a result of voting freedom that they have. Voting has been a tool of changing and shaping leadership in the United States. The role of voting in the American society is clear to every American citizen. A society without laws does not respect the opinion of the society. The laws provide a framework that lays the procedures of handling things. In the like manner, the electoral laws provide a guide to the society in order to promote accountability and transparency. The fear that electorate have over the new laws have some grounds because some people are likely to remain out of the process because of the restrictive laws. Laws are useful in the society, but would be havoc if they lead to